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Terminology

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Gain Sharing: - A method of incentive compensation where supply chain partners share collectively in savings from productivity improvements. The concept provides an incentive to both the buying and supplier organizations to focus on continually reevaluating, re-energizing, and enhancing their business relationship. All aspects of value delivery are scrutinized, including specification design, order processing, inbound transportation, inventory management, obsolescence programs, material yield, forecasting and inventory planning, product performance and reverse logistics. The focus is on driving out limited value cost while protecting profit margins.



Gateway: - The connection that permits messages to flow freely between two networks.



Gathering lines: - Oil pipelines that bring oil from the oil well to storage areas.



General commodities carrier: - A common motor carrier that has operating authority to transport general commodities, or all commodities not listed as special commodities.



General-merchandise warehouse: - A warehouse that is used to store goods that are readily handled, are packaged, and do not req1ire a controlled environment.



GIF: - See Graphics Interchange Format.



Global Positioning System (GPS): - A system which uses satellites to precisely locate an object on earth. Used by trucking companies to locate over-the-road equipment.



Global Strategy: - A strategy that focuses on improving worldwide performance through the sales and marketing of common goods and services with minimum product variation by country. Its competitive advantage grows through selecting the best locations for operations in other countries.



Global Trade Item Number (GTIN): - A unique number that comprises up to 14 digits and is used to identify an item (product or service) upon which there is a need to retrieve pre-defined information that may be priced, ordered or invoiced at any point in the supply chain. The definition covers raw materials through end user products and includes services, all of which have pre-defined characteristics. GTIN is the globally-unique EAN.UCC System identification number, or key, used for trade items (products and services). It's used for uniquely identifying trade items (products and services) sold, delivered, warehoused, and billed throughout the retail and commercial distribution channels. Unlike a UPC number, which only provides information specific to a group of products, the GTIN gives each product its own specific identifying number, giving greater accuracy in tracking. See EPC



Globalization: - The process of making something worldwide in scope or application.



GMP: - See Good manufacturing practices.



GNP: - See Gross National Product.



Going-concern value: - The value that a firm has as an entity, as opposed to the sum of the values of each of its parts taken separately



Gondola: - A rail car with a flat platform and sides three to five feet high



Good manufacturing practices (GMP) or 21 CFR, parts 808, 812, and 820: - Requirements governing the quality procedures of medical device manufacturers.



Goods Received Note (GRN): - Documentation raised by the recipient of materials or products.



GPS: - See Global Positioning System.



Grandfather clause: - A provision that enabled motor carriers engaged in lawful trucking operations before the passage of the Motor Carrier Act of 1935 to secure common carrier authority without proving public convenience and necessity



Granger laws: - State laws passed before 1870 in Midwestern states to control rail transportation.



Graphics Interchange Format (GIF): - A graphical file format commonly used to display indexed-color images on the World Wide Web. GIF is a compressed format, designed to minimize file transfer time over standard phone lines.



Great Lakes carriers: - Water carriers that operate on the five Great lakes.



Grid technique: - A quantitative technique to determine the least-cost center, given raw materials sources and markets, for locating a plant or warehouse.



GRN: - See Goods Received Note



Gross Inventory: - Value of inventory at standard cost before any reserves for excess and obsolete items are taken.



Gross Margin: - The difference between total revenue and the cost of goods sold. Synonym: gross profit margin.



Gross National Product (GNP): - A measure of a nation's output



Gross weight: - The total weight of the vehicle and the payload of freight or passengers.



Groupthink: - A situation in which critical information is withheld from the team because individual members censor or restrain themselves, either because they believe their concerns are not worth discussing or because they are afraid of confrontation.



GTIN: - See Global Trade Item Number



GTM: - Global Trade Management.



Guaranteed loans: - Loans made to railroads that are cosigned and guaranteed by the federal government.